COURAGE

ryšiai tarp kolekcijų

The Archives of the Republic of Kosovo opened in 1948 following the end of World War II, when the Provincial Directorate for Education and Culture established the Archival Center to address the protection and documentation of archival material. On 20 March,1951, at the decision of the Provincial Council, the Kosovo State Provincial Archives were established. Until 1965, the institution operated under the direct supervision and funding from the Provincial Executive Council of Kosovo. In 1968, regional and municipal archives were established, which initiated an archival network within the territory of Kosovo that included inter-municipal archives in Prizren, Peja/Peć, Mitrovica, Gjilan/Gnjilane, Pristina, and the Historical Archives of Gjakova/Đakovica. When the Socialist Republic of Serbia (SRS) abolished autonomy in the province of Kosovo, and imposed violent measures within all institutions of the country, the Archives of the Republic of Kosovo became controlled by the SRS.

After the end of the recent war in Kosovo (1998 – 1999), the Archives of the Republic of Kosovo moved between various institutions in Kosovo. Initially, archival service was overseen by the Ministry of Culture, Youth, and Sports. On 13 July, 2006, archival administration within the government of Kosovo adopted a new form of organization based on other European models, under law no. 02 / L-80. Archives were organized by the State Agency at the office of the Prime Minister until 31 December 2016. At the decision of the government on 1 January 2017, operations returned to the Ministry of Culture, Youth, and Sports.

The Archive of the Loránd Eötvös University of Budapest is the first and oldest university archive in Hungary. The foundation of the archive (1958), due to special historical circumstances, was regretfully delayed. The documents of the university, although having been stored in several separate places, survived the Second World War without considerable damage. In the beginning of the 1950s, the University gave many documents to the National Archive of Hungary. Tragically the Archive was hit by the Soviet Army during the Revolution of 1956, and in the following fire, a great amount of the university’s material was burned. The only positive consequence of the devastation was that to the collection of the surviving documents was formed in 1958 as the university’s archive.

The Archive of the Intelligence and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova (SIS Archive) was founded according to the Law concerning the Archival Collection of the Republic of Moldova (Law No. 880-XII of 22 January 1992). On this date, the Archive of the former Ministry for State Security was transformed into a special state archival repository. This Archive became a part of the Archival Collection of the Republic of Moldova. The management, supervision, acquisition procedures, preservation, and public use of the documentary collections stored in the SIS Archive are described in and subject to the above-mentioned law. These procedures are also spelled out in the Regulation of the State Archival Collection, approved by Governmental Decision No. 352 of 27 May 1992, as well as by other internal department-specific regulations. Over 70,000 files are currently stored in the special repository of the Intelligence and Security Service. These files are structured into five main archival collections: 1) The collection of documentary materials concerning the internal management of the Intelligence and Security Service; 2) The collection of documentary materials related to the activity of the Intelligence and Security Service; 3) The collection of judicial files initiated concerning persons subject to political repression during the period of the communist regime; 4) The collection of documentary materials concerning persons repatriated to the USSR during the first post-war years, as well as former POWs held in Nazi camps; 5) The collection of personnel files of the state security service’s employees. The collection of judicial files is particularly important for this collection. The documentary materials stored in this collection are related to judicial inquiries pursued against 28,984 people who were subsequently prosecuted and condemned on the bases of decisions issued by judicial and extra-judicial institutions of the Soviet state. These files and the sentences passed against the people concerned were mostly based upon article 54 (counter-revolutionary criminal acts) of the Penal Code of the Ukrainian SSR, applied to the Moldavian SSR until 1961. Thereafter, these sentences were based on the Penal Code of the Moldavian SSR (article on anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda). 

The Archive of Masaryk University was founded in 1936. At the beginning it mainly managed documents from the Rectorate, faculties and institutes, and from the 1960s it began to search for personal possessions belonging to important university scholars. As of 2017, there are 135 such funds. Besides them, the content of such typical collections and materials being kept in archives visual: photographs, pictures, audio-visual records, but also textiles, models etc. At the time of socialism, when the archives in Czechoslovakia were strictly centralised into the hierarchical network of territorial archives, the Archive of Masaryk University was the only official archive of the institution outside the capital city Prague.