The Government of Bulgaria is headed by the Council of Ministers as the main executive authority of the Republic of Bulgaria. It is led by the Prime Minister of Bulgaria. Additionally, it includes his/her deputies and specialized ministers, occasionally also ministers without portfolio. Its seat is in Sofia.

The government of Bulgaria is a main sponsor and organizer of museums, collections, and archives that collect, maintain and present the cultural and historical legacy of Bulgaria, also that from the communist period. The main ministry responsible for these activities is the Ministry of Culture. The government, through the Ministry of Education and Science, plays also an extraordinarily important role in the organization and funding of research. The government is the supreme authority of the State Agency "Archives", which organizes the system of state archives in the country.

Public institutions, under the (direct or indirect) authority of the government, have been essential also in collecting materials about cultural opposition during state socialism (e.g. the National Library in Sofia, the Commission of Dossiers in Sofia, or the State Archives), presenting and researching them.