From 1938 until 1978 (i.e. under different political regimes, namely those of Horthy, Rákosi, and Kádár), a unique summer festival of sorts (“nyaraltatás”) was held not far from Budapest on the shores of Lake Bánk (over the course of 40 years, more than 800 children took part in the festivals). It was organized by Eszter Leveleki in the spirit of the reform pedagogy movements of the1920s and 1930s. The festivals were a separate and liberal universe which was shaped by certain cultural (roleplaying) and collective practices. Accordingly, they ignored and implicitly challenged the dominant cultural-social norms. The tangible heritage of the festivals (e.g. various objects and items) has been preserved by the participants, especially by private collectors Ferenc Fábri and Ferenc Háber.
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The collection reflects the activity of the architect Gheorghe Leahu, known in Romania for his watercolours representing streets and monuments of Bucharest destroyed as a result of the “urban systematisation” policy of Ceauşescu’s regime. The Gheorghe Leahu Collection includes watercolours, drawings, manuscripts, letters, photographs, and books.
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București Bulevardul Libertății 12, Romania 030167
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This ad-hoc collection was separated from the fonds of judicial files concerning persons subject to political repression during the communist regime which is currently stored in the Archive of the Intelligence and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova (formerly the KGB Archive). It focuses on the case of Gheorghe Zgherea, a person of peasant background who was a member of the Inochentist religious community, a millenarian and eschatological movement active in Bessarabia and Transnistria mostly during the first half of the twentieth century. The collection materials are revealing for the repressive policy of the Soviet regime in the religious sphere, showing the Soviet authorities’ hostile attitude toward non-mainstream and marginal denominations, which were perceived as a particularly serious threat. Zgherea, a preacher within his community starting from late 1950, was accused of “roaming the villages” of the Moldavian SSR and spreading “anti-Soviet ideas” among the local populace by “using their religious prejudices.” Arrested on 2 May 1953, he received a harsh sentence of twenty-five years of hard labour. His sentence was reduced to five years of hard labour in June 1955, when he was also amnestied according to a special decree of March 1953. Zgherea’s case thus points to the changing strategies of the regime applied after Stalin’s death, but also to the continuity of repression and to the shifting practices of stifling dissent in post-Stalinist Soviet society.
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Chișinău Bulevardul Ștefan cel Mare și Sfînt 166, Moldova 2004
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Gino Hahnemann was an East German
Bohemian active in the independent literary, art, film, and most notably, LGBT communities of the 1980s. He contributed to the alternative milieu of the GDR as an author, photographer, set designer and filmmaker.
Hahnemann was one of the first and few authors in the GDR to openly write about private homosexual experiences. His estate is preserved by the Academy of Arts in Berlin.
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10115 Berlin Robert-Koch-Platz 10 , Germany
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The private collection of historian Gábor Klaniczay (1950-) includes written, visual, and audio sources from the 1970s and 1980s. These sources all concern the alternative, underground cultural trends, art, music performances, and political oppositional movements of the period. The almost entire series of the samizdat publications from Hungary also constitute an important part of the collection, as do the leaflets and posters from his trips to Paris and New York.
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